Abantu abafanelekile baveze ukuthi uhlelo lweminyaka eyi-12 lwamandla kagesi luzogxila ekuguqulweni kwendlela yokuthuthukiswa kwamandla kagesi, futhi ikakhulukazi eduze nesakhiwo samandla, ukwakhiwa kwegridi yamandla kanye nokuguqulwa kwezinkomba ezintathu.Ngo-2012, i-Tibet izoxhunywa ku-inthanethi, futhi inethiwekhi kagesi izohlanganisa izwe lonke.Ngaso leso sikhathi, ingxenye yokuphehlwa kukagesi wamalahle namandla afakiwe izokwehliswa cishe ngama-6% ekupheleni koHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-12 Lweminyaka Emihlanu.Amandla ahlanzekile azothuthukisa ngokwengeziwe isakhiwo samandla.
Isabelo samalahle kugesi sizokwehla ngo-6%
Ngokusho kwabantu abathintekayo be-China Telephone Union, umqondo ophelele walolu hlelo "imakethe enkulu, umgomo omkhulu kanye nohlelo olukhulu", olugxile esidingweni semakethe ezingeni likazwelonke, ukuthuthukiswa kokunikezwa kwamandla, ukuhlelwa kwegridi, ukusungulwa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, umnotho wokuhlela kanye nenqubomgomo yokuthuthukiswa kwamandla, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukongiwa kwamandla kagesi kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola, indlela yokubiza amanani kagesi, isikali samandla omoya, imodeli yokuthuthukisa amandla enuzi kanye nezinye izici.
Ngokuphathelene namandla kagesi ohlelweni lwe-11 lweminyaka emihlanu olugxile esakhiweni sokuthuthukiswa kwamandla kagesi, ukutshalwa kwezimali embonini yamandla kagesi kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali, ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla kagesi avuselelekayo, nokuguqulwa kwentengo kagesi, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nokonga izinsiza, ukonga amandla, konke ibhalansi yokuthutha amalahle, ukuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi emaphandleni kanye nokuthuthukiswa nokunye okuyingxenye eyisishiyagalombili ehlukene, uhlelo lweminyaka emihlanu lwe-12 luzogqamisa ukunaka ekuguquleni indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwamandla kagesi, Futhi ikakhulukazi mayelana nesakhiwo samandla, ukwakhiwa kwegridi yamandla namandla. shintsha izinkomba ezintathu.
Ngokwe-State Grid Energy Research Institute, ukusetshenziswa kukagesi komphakathi wonkana kuzoqhubeka nokukhula ngesikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu Lweminyaka Eyi-12, kodwa izinga lokukhula lonyaka liphansi kunalelo lesikhathi sohlelo lwe-11 Lweminyaka Emihlanu.Ngo-2015, ukusetshenziswa kukagesi komphakathi wonke kuzofinyelela ku-5.42 trillion kuya ku-6.32 trillion KWH, ngezinga lokukhula konyaka lika-6% -8.8%.Ngo-2020, Isamba esisetshenziswa ugesi sifinyelele ku-6.61 trillion kuya ku-8.51 trillion kilowatt-awa, kanye nesilinganiso sokukhula konyaka esingama-4% -6.1%.
“Izinga lokukhula kokusetshenziswa kukagesi selilonke liyancipha kodwa inani eliphelele lisazokhuphuka, ngakho-ke sidinga ukukhulisa uhlaka lokuphakelwa kukagesi ukuze lumunce ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle ohlangothini lokuphehla, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke sikwazi ukuhlangabezana nomgomo ohlosiwe ka-15% we-non-fossil. amandla kagesi kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola ngo-40% kuya ku-45% ngo-2015."Umhlaziyi wamandla uLu Yang utshele intatheli yethu.
Kodwa-ke, izintatheli ezivela ekuhlelweni kombiko wocwaningo zibona, "iminyaka yeshumi nambili yeminyaka emihlanu" yesakhiwo samandla eShayina sinikezwa kuqala ngamandla ashisayo abaswa ngamalahle, okudinga ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo somthombo wamandla ngokukhuphula amanzi nogesi, amandla enuzi. kanye namanzi wamandla avuselelekayo namanye amandla ahlanzekile namandla okukhiqiza ugesi, kanye nokunciphisa ingxenye yamalahle ukuze kuphothulwe ngokugcwele.
Ngokohlelo, ingxenye yamandla ahlanzekile afakiwe izonyuka isuka kumaphesenti angama-24 ngowezi-2009 iye kumaphesenti angama-30.9 ngowezi-2015 kanye namaphesenti angama-34.9 ngowezi-2020, kanti ingxenye yokuphehlwa kukagesi nayo izokhuphuka isuka kumaphesenti angu-18,8 ngowezi-2009 iye kumaphesenti angu-23,7 ngo-2015 kanye nama-27.6. amaphesenti ngo-2020.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingxenye yamandla amalahle afakiwe kanye nokuphehlwa kukagesi kuzoncishiswa cishe ngo-6%.Lokhu kuhambisana nesiphakamiso SokuPhathwa Kwezamandla sokuthi isabelo samalahle ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuyisisekelo ngesikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-12 Lweminyaka Emihlanu luzokwehla lufinyelele cishe kumaphesenti angama-63 lusuka ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-70 ngowezi-2009.
Ngokohlelo oluhlobene ne-National Energy Administration, phakathi nenkathi "yeminyaka yeshumi nambili emihlanu" esifundeni esisempumalanga ukulawula ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle, ulwandle lwe-bohai, i-Yangtze river delta, i-pearl river delta, kanye nezingxenye ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga, ukulawula okuqinile amalahle, ukwakhiwa kwamalahle kucatshangelwa kuphela ukusekela ukwakhiwa kwamandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesikhungo sokuphehla ugesi wamalahle kwamanye amazwe, ukwakhiwa kwesikhungo sokuphehla ugesi empumalanga kuzobeka kuqala amandla enuzi kanye nesizinda sokuphehla amandla egesi.
Ukwakhiwa kwegridi yamandla: qaphela ukuxhumana kazwelonke
Ngokwesibikezelo se-State Grid Energy Research Institute, umthamo omkhulu womphakathi wonkana uzofinyelela ezigidini ezingama-990 kW ngowezi-2015, ngesilinganiso sokukhula konyaka esingama-8.5% ngesikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-12 Lweminyaka Emihlanu.Izinga eliphezulu lokukhula komthwalo liyashesha kunezinga lokukhula kokusetshenziswa kukagesi, futhi umehluko omkhulu wesigodi segridi uzoqhubeka nokukhula.Phakathi kwazo, ingxenye esempumalanga iseyisikhungo somthwalo wezwe.Ngonyaka wezi-2015, i-Beijing, i-Tianjin, i-Hebei ne-Shandong, izifundazwe ezine zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi ne-East China zizobalelwa ku-55.32% wokusetshenziswa kukagesi kuzwelonke.
Ukwenyuka komthwalo kubeka phambili izidingo zokusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kanye nokulawulwa okuphezulu okuphezulu.Intatheli ingabona embikweni okhethekile wokuhlela, uma kubhekwa ukwanda komthwalo kagesi, isikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu lweminyaka emihlanu sizokwenziwa ngokusheshisa ukwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphile, igridi kagesi yezifundazwe kanye nasezifundeni ezahlukene kanye nokwenza ngcono ugesi. isikali esifakiwe sesitoreji esimpontshiwe.
U-Shu Yinbiao, isekela lomphathi jikelele we-State Grid, muva nje uthe phakathi nesikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu lwe-12, iGridi Yesifunda izosebenzisa isu “legunya elikhethekile elilodwa, izikhungo ezine ezinkulu” ukuze kwakhiwe igridi eqinile ehlakaniphile.“Amandla akhethekile owodwa” asho ukuthuthukiswa kwe-UHV, kanti “amane amakhulu” asho ukuthuthukiswa okujulile kwamandla amakhulu amalahle, amandla amakhulu aphehlwa ngamanzi, amandla amakhulu enuzi namandla amakhulu avuselelekayo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kahle kukagesi ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-UHV.
“Ikakhulukazi, kufanele sithuthukise ubuchwepheshe bokudluliswa kwe-UHV AC, ukugcinwa komoya kanye nobuchwepheshe bokudlulisa, ubuchwepheshe begridi ehlakaniphile, ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa i-DC obuguquguqukayo, ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa i-UHV DC, ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla amakhulu, ubuchwepheshe obusha bokulawula obuxhumeke kwigridi yamandla, amandla asabalalisiwe kanye ne-micro. ubuchwepheshe begridi, njll."Kusho uShu YinBiao.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokungahleliwe nokuphazamiseka kwamandla omoya kanye nokuphuma kwamandla elanga, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kokulawulwa kokukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi, phakathi nesikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu ye-12, amandla okumuncwa kwamandla omoya namandla kagesi azothuthukiswa. ngokwandisa ingxenye yebhali yokudluliswa komlilo ovunguzayo kanye nokusungula indawo yokugcina neyokuthuthwa ngomoya ovuthuzayo.
U-Bai Jianhua, umqondisi we-Energy Strategy and Planning Institute of State Grid Energy Research Institute, ukholelwa ukuthi "kufanele kakhulu ukucabangela ukuthi ukujula komthwalo ophezulu wamandla ashisayo akufanele kudlule u-50%, isikhathi sokuhamba kwejika lokudlulisa kufanele kulawulwe U-90%, futhi isilinganiso sokuhlanganisa samandla ashisayo alethwe kusisekelo samandla omoya kufanele sibe ngu-1:2.”
Ngokombiko wokuhlela, ngo-2015, ngaphezu kwengxenye yamandla omoya wezwe kuyodingeka ukuthi athuthwe asuka ezindaweni ezintathu zaseNyakatho nakwezinye izindawo eziqhelile ngokusebenzisa igridi kagesi enqamula izifundazwe kanye nezifunda, ukwakhiwa kwesifunda esinqamula izifundazwe kanye nesiphambano. -igridi yamandla kagesi wesifunda isiphenduke enye yezinto eziseqhulwini "UHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-12 Lweminyaka Emihlanu".
Ngokwezintatheli, isikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu lwe-12 sizoqedela inethiwekhi kazwelonke kagesi.Ngo-2012, lapho sekuphothulwe iphrojekthi yokuxhumanisa i-750-kV / ± 400-kV AC/DC phakathi kwe-Qinghai ne-Tibet, amagridi kagesi amakhulu ayisithupha eningizimu, enkabeni, empumalanga, enyakatho-ntshonalanga, enyakatho-mpumalanga naseNyakatho neChina azohlanganisa zonke izifundazwe namadolobha. ezweni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-20-2022